One of the main branches of entrepreneurship is entrepreneurial orientation as it certainly plays an important role in the success and growth of the organizations. Entrepreneurial orientation is rooted in adopting a strategy. Many organizational policies which are formulated for the development of entrepreneurship ...
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One of the main branches of entrepreneurship is entrepreneurial orientation as it certainly plays an important role in the success and growth of the organizations. Entrepreneurial orientation is rooted in adopting a strategy. Many organizational policies which are formulated for the development of entrepreneurship are associated with information and communication technologies, in the other hand, from the perspective of social scientists; entrepreneurship is a process that locates the network of social relations. The aim of this study is to analyze the impact of information technology and social capital on entrepreneurial orientation. The study is applied and its method is Descriptive-correlation. The study population consisted of 326 employees at ALBORZ drug corporate. A study sample of 177 subjects was selected through application of Cochran formula at random. The three questionnaires (information technology, social capital and entrepreneurial orientation) Was used for data collection. The Validity (content, convergent, divergent) and Reliability (Loadings factors, composite reliability coefficient, Cronbach's alpha coefficient) of questionnaires showed that measurement tools have very good reliability and validity. Test results of the variable by applying SMART-PLS software and using of T- test statistic and the path coefficients (β) showed that Information Technology has a strong direct and significant effect on social capital; while social capital has a direct and significant weak effect on entrepreneurial orientation. Moreover, Information technology has a strong direct, indirect and significant effect on entrepreneurial orientation. This means that while social capital has the mediator role in relationship between information technology and entrepreneurial orientation information technology as a moderator variable increases the positive impact of social capital on entrepreneurial orientation.
Nowadays, advances in information and communication technologies, has provided an opportunity for banks to provide their electronic services to their customers in remote areas. This technological innovation by E–banking systems has brought about many benefits to customers while it has been accompanied ...
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Nowadays, advances in information and communication technologies, has provided an opportunity for banks to provide their electronic services to their customers in remote areas. This technological innovation by E–banking systems has brought about many benefits to customers while it has been accompanied by a number of risks including the operational ones. This risks need to be identified and managed by the Banks. The present research identifies, compares, and ranks factors affecting operational E-banking risks in viewpoints of customers and employees of Kermanshah Melli bank. To this end, a questionnaire was distributed to 300 employees and 384 customers of Kermanshah Melli bank by applying random cluster data collection method. The method of this study is descriptive- survey research. The study period covered the second half of the year of 2012. One-Sample T-Test, Friedman ranking Test and Independent Samples Test were employed to test hypotheses, to rank factors affecting operational risks and to compare the amount of effective factors on the operational risks of electronic banking among employees and customers Melli Bank respectively. The results indicate that hypotheses (1-5) support effects the factors (data accuracy, internal controls, technological infrastructure, access to systems, and security) have on Melli bank operational E-banking risks; hypothesis (6) ranks each of the 5-fold factors. In the security factors employees’ opinion is more effective than customers, but in factors (Data accuracy, Technological infrastructures) the trend is reversed. The study also includes recommendations in order to manage and lower operational E-banking risks.